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Mabda'a shaqada ee inductance waa mid aan la taaban karin. Si aan u sharaxno waxa inductance tahay, waxaan ka bilaabeynaa ifafaalaha asaasiga ah ee jirka.

1. Laba ifafaale iyo hal sharci: magnetism-ka korontadu keentay, koronto-magnetism-ka, iyo sharciga Lenz

1.1 ifafaale Electromagnetic

Waxaa jira tijaabo fiisigiska dugsiga sare: marka irbad yar oo birlabeed ah la ag dhigo kirishbooy hadda jirta, jihada cirbadda birlabeedka yar ayaa leexinaysa, taas oo muujinaysa in uu jiro goob magnet ah oo ku wareegsan hadda. Dhacdadan waxa daahfuray physicist Danish Oersted 1820kii.

Haddi aan dabaylaha u galno goobaabin, meelaha magnetic-ka ah ee uu ka dhaliyo goobaabin kasta oo ka mid ah ayaa is dul fuuli kara, guud ahaan magnetic field-ku wuu sii xoogaysanayaa, kaas oo soo jiidan kara walxo yaryar. Jaantuska, gariiradda waxaa lagu tamarsiiyay 2 ~ 3A. Ogsoonow in siliga dahaarka leh uu leeyahay xadka hadda la qiimeeyay, haddii kale wuu dhalaali doonaa heerkulka sare awgeed.

2. ifafaale koronto-koronto

Sannadkii 1831-kii, saynis yahan Ingiriis ah oo lagu magacaabo Faraday ayaa daahfuray in marka qayb ka mid ah kirishbooyada wareegyada xiran ay u dhaqaaqdo in ay gooyaan goobta magnetka, koronto ayaa laga dhalin doonaa kirishbooyada. Shuruuda ayaa ah in wareegga iyo goobta birlabku ay ku jiraan jawi isbedelaya, sidaas darteed waxaa loo yaqaan "magnetic" magnetoelectricity, iyo hadda la soo saaro waxaa loo yaqaan 'induced current'.

Waxaan ku samayn karnaa tijaabo matoor. Matoorka caadiga ah ee DC-ga, qaybta stator-ku waa magnet joogto ah iyo qaybta rotor-ka waa kirishbooyada. Gacan ku wareejinta rotor-ku waxay ka dhigan tahay in kirishbooyuhu u dhaqaaqayo si uu u gooyo xadadka birlabeedka xoogga ah. Isticmaalka oscilloscope-ka si loogu xiro labada korantada ee matoorka, isbeddelka tamarta ayaa la cabbiri karaa. Koronto-dhaliyaha waxa lagu sameeyay mabda'an.

3. Sharciga Lenz

Sharciga Lenz: jihada hadda la kiciyay ee uu dhaliyo isbeddelka qulqulka magnetic waa jihada ka soo horjeeda isbeddelka qulqulka magnetic.

Fahamka fudud ee jumladan waa: marka magnetic field ( field magnetic external magnetic) ee deegaanka kirishtaanku uu sii xoogeysto, goobta birlabeed ee ka dhalata hadda la keenay ayaa ka soo horjeeda goobta magnetic dibadda, taasoo ka dhigaysa wadarta guud ee magnetka ka daciifsan dibadda. goob birlab ah. Marka goobta birlabeedka (goobka magnetka dibadda) ee deegaanka kirishbooyuhu uu noqdo mid daciif ah, goobta magnetic-ka ee ka dhalata hadda la kiciyay ayaa ka soo horjeeda goobta magnetic dibadda, taasoo ka dhigaysa wadarta guud ee magnetka ka xoog badan goobta magnetic dibadda.

Sharciga Lenz waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu go'aamiyo jihada hadda la kiciyay ee wareegga.

2. Gariiradda tuubada Spiral - sharraxaya sida inductor-ku u shaqeeyaan Anigoo og labada ifafaale ee kor ku xusan iyo hal sharci, aan aragno sida inductors u shaqeeyaan.

Inductor ugu fudud waa gariiradda tuubada wareega:

Xaaladda inta lagu jiro korontadu

Waxaan gooyay qayb yar oo ka mid ah tuubada wareega waxaanan arki karnaa laba gariirood, gariiradda A iyo gariiradda B:

Inta lagu jiro habka awood-siinta, xaaladdu waa sida soo socota:

① Gariiradda A waxa ay dhex martaa hadda, iyada oo loo malaynayo in jihadeedu ay tahay sida ka muuqata xariiqda adag ee buluugga ah, kaas oo loo yaqaan hadda kacsanaanta dibadda;
②Sida ku cad mabda'a electromagnetism-ka, xamaasadda xamaasadda dibadda waxa ay abuurtaa goob birlab ah, kaas oo bilaaba in uu ku faafo meel bannaan oo ku xeeran oo uu daboolo gariiradda B, taas oo u dhiganta gariiradda B oo jaraysa xadhkaha magnetic ee xoogga, sida ku cad xariiqda buluugga ah ee dhibco leh;
③Marka loo eego mabda'a magnetoelectricity, hadda la kiciyay ayaa laga soo saaray gariiradda B, jihadeedana waa sida lagu muujiyay xariiqda adag ee cagaaran, taas oo ka soo horjeeda hadda kacsanaanta dibadda;
④ Sida ku cad sharciga Lenz, goobta magnetic-ka ee ay dhaliso hadda la kiciyay waa in ay ka hortagto magnetic field of excitation external current, sida lagu muujiyay xariiqda dhibcaha cagaaran;

Xaaladda ka dib korontadu waa deggan tahay (DC)

Ka dib markii korontadu ay xasilloon tahay, hadda kacsanaanta dibadda ee gariiradda A waa mid joogto ah, goobta magnetic-ka ay dhalisana sidoo kale waa joogto. Goobta birlabeedka ma laha dhaqdhaqaaq qaraabo leh oo leh gariiradda B, markaa ma jirto magnetoelectricity, mana jiro hadda oo matalaya xariiqda adag ee cagaaran. Waqtigaan, inductor-ku wuxuu u dhigmaa wareeg gaaban oo loogu talagalay kicinta dibadda.

3. Astaamaha inductance: hadda si lama filaan ah uma beddeli karo

Ka dib markii la fahmo sida aninductionshaqeeya, aynu eegno ay sifada ugu muhiimsan - hadda ku jira inductors si lama filaan ah ma beddeli karo.

Jaantuska, dhidibka toosan ee qalooca saxda ah waa wakhti, iyo dhidibka toosan waa kan hadda ee inductor. Isla marka la xidho furaha waxa loo qaataa in uu yahay asalka wakhtiga.

Waxaa la arki karaa in:1. Waqtigan xaadirka ah furaha xiran yahay, hadda inductor-ka waa 0A, taas oo u dhiganta inductor-ka oo furan. Tani waa sababta oo ah isla markiiba isbeddelka degdega ah ee hadda jira, kaas oo dhalin doona hadda (cagaaran) aad u weyn si uu uga hortago xamaasadda dibadda ee hadda (buluug);

2. Inta lagu jiro geedi socodka lagu gaari karo xaalad joogto ah, imminka ku jira inductor-ka ayaa si weyn isu bedelaya;

3. Kadib marka la gaaro xaalad joogto ah, inductor-ka hadda ku jira waa I=E/R, taas oo u dhiganta inductor-ga oo gaaban;

4. U dhiganta hadda la kiciyay waa xoogga korantada ee la kiciyay, kaas oo u dhaqma si uu uga hortago E, sidaas darteed waxaa loo yaqaan 'Back EMF' (xoogga elektiroonigga ah);

4. Waa maxay dhab ahaan inductance?

Inductance waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qeexo awoodda aaladda si ay uga hortagto isbeddellada hadda jira. Marka ay sii xoogeysato awoodda iska caabinta isbeddelada hadda jira, way weyn tahay inductance, iyo lidkeeda.

Kacsiga DC-ga, inductor-ku wuxuu ugu dambeyntii ku jiraa xaalad-wareeg-gaaban (voltage waa 0). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta lagu jiro habka tamarta, tamarta iyo hadda ma aha 0, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in uu jiro awood. Habka ururinta tamartan waxaa loo yaqaan dallacaadda. Waxa ay u kaydisaa tamartan qaab goob birlabeed ah oo ay sii deyso tamarta marka loo baahdo (sida marka xamaasad dibadeedku aanay ilaalin karin cabbirka hadda jira xaalad joogto ah).

Inductors waa aaladaha aan shaqaynayn ee goobta korantada. Aaladaha daah-furka ma jecla isbeddellada, si la mid ah gawaarida duullimaadyada ee dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqdhaqaaqa. Way adagtahay in ay bilaabaan wareega marka hore, oo mar ay bilaabaan wareega, way adagtahay in la joojiyo. Nidaamka oo dhan waxaa weheliya beddelka tamarta.

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